How to Sequence a Genome
The video on the right-hand side gives an overview on how the human genome was sequenced during the publicly funded Human Genome Project. |
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Based on the insights gained from the yeast and worm studies, the Human Genome Project employed a two-phase approach to tackle the human genome sequence (IHGSC, 2001). The first phase, called the shotgun phase, divided human chromosomes into DNA segments of an appropriate size, which were then further subdivided into smaller, overlapping DNA fragments that were sequenced. The Human Genome Project relied upon the physical map of the human genome established earlier, which served as a platform for generating and analyzing the massive amounts of DNA sequence data that emerged from the shotgun phase. Next, the second phase of the project, called the finishing phase, involved filling in gaps and resolving DNA sequences in ambiguous areas not obtained during the shotgun phase.
The
shotgun phase of the Human Genome Project itself consisted of three steps:
- Obtaining a DNA clone to sequence
- Sequencing the DNA clone
- Assembling sequence data from multiple clones to determine overlap and establish a contiguous sequence[42]
Want to sequence the genome for youself?????
Visit http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/genome/media/sequence.swf
The section below contains animated and narrated segments presenting all the essential steps in sequencing a genome. Each section contains video and links to transcripts. [45]
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Introduction Want to open the video in new tab??? Click Here >>> (Time: 2:33 minutes) Read Transcript >> |
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1: Mapping Want to open the video in new tab??? Click Here >>> (Time: 1:16 minutes) Read Transcript >> |
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2: Building Libraries Want to open the video in new tab??? Click Here >>> (Time: 28 seconds) Read Transcript >> |
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3: Subclones Want to open the video in new tab??? Click Here >>> (Time: 35 seconds) Read Transcript >> |
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4: E.Coli Storage Want to open the video in new tab??? Click Here >>> (Time: 54 seconds) Read Transcript >> |
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5: Preparing DNA for Sequencing Want to open the video in new tab??? Click Here >>> (Time: 16 seconds) Read Transcript >> |
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6: Sequencing Reactions Want to open the video in new tab??? Click Here >>> (Time: 1:44 minutes) Read Transcript >> |
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7: Products of Sequencing Reactions Want to open the video in new tab??? Click Here >>> (Time: 40 seconds) Read Transcript >> |
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8: Separating the Sequencing Products Want to open the video in new tab??? Click Here >>> (Time: 30 seconds) Read Transcript >> |
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9: Reading the Sequencing Products Want to open the video in new tab??? Click Here >>> (Time: 28 seconds) Read Transcript >> |
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10: Assembling the Results Want to open the video in new tab??? Click Here >>> (Time: 55 seconds) Read Transcript >> |
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11: Working Draft Sequence Want to open the video in new tab??? Click Here >>> (Time: 40 seconds) Read Transcript >> |
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